This model has the same purpose as the OSI model but fits better into modern network troubleshooting. Comparing to the OSI model, TCP/IP is a 4-layer model:
- Application layer (4) – includes application, presentation and session layers of the OSI model, which significantly simplifies network troubleshooting;
- Transport layer (3) – same as a transport layer in the OSI model (TCP, UDP protocols);
- Internet layer (2) – does the same as Network layer in the OSI model (include ARP, IP protocols);
- Link layer (1) – also called the Network Access layer. Includes both Layer1 and 2 of the OSI model, therefore its primary concern is physical data exchange between network nodes;
TCP/IP | OSI Model | Protocols |
---|---|---|
TCP/IP | OSI Model | Protocols |
Application Layer | Application Layer | DNS, DHCP,HTTP,SSH etc. |
Application Layer | JPEG,MPEG,PICT etc. | |
Session Layer | PAP, SCP, ZIP etc. | |
Transport Layer | Transport Layer | TCP, UDP |
Internet Layer | Network Layer | ICMP, IGMP, IPv4, IPv6, IPSec |
Link Layer | Data Link Layer | ARP, CDP, MPLS, PPP etc. |
Physical Layer | Bluetooth, Ethernet, Wi-Fi etc. |